The shoemaker was a civilian who let them use his place for a poker game a few times each week, he was not a member or even a real associate. Just a man who worked a hard job and was looking to make a few dollars by letting them have a poker game in his place, So him testifying is no surprise, I do not consider him a rat Gravano, Pennisi, and other made guys are rats. A jerk like Fat Andy's son is a rat, as is the new snitch making videos (Fiordello) or a similar name is a rat. Even calling him Sal the Shoemaker as if he was a gangster is off.