Unlikely. Anastasia, known for his brutality, was an awesome figure (somewhat like Luca Brasi), but he was around when many other heavyweights still held, or were seeking, power. (Luciano, behind the scenes, Vito Genovese and Frank Costello all come to mind).

For the overall most powerful boss ever (considering those who consolidated their power) you'd have to go with Carlo Gambino.