The thing is...and it part of the reason why the film Hoodlum stands out...policy...the numbers...was one of the stable (technically)criminal enterprises that Blacks ran.

Some big names, such as the West Indian woman referenced in Hoodlum had criminal organizations that had chain of command,etc


the way the story goes....in NYC... the Jewish and Italian mobsters weren't aware of just how lucrative the "Negro" pennies of policy were...and when they found they tried to muscle in.


I read a book or 2 about ethnic mobs in America...and in NY (nicky barnes and company) there was an organization patterned after the mob.....
Philly had the Junior Black Mafia......a criminal offshoot of one of the Black power groups out there



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I love Boyz in the Hood but I think it's inaccurately labeled a gangster movie... it's implied that the guys who kill Ricky are blood gang members but that's about it.